Justification attachment for typesetting machines



Jan. 16, 1923. 1,442,368. J.SUNDERLANU JUSTIHCATION ATTACHMENT FOR TYPESETTING MACHINES FILED AUG-9, 1920. ZSHEETSSHEEI 1- I NVENTOR EZKMW AJTOQNEYS Jan. 16, 1923. 1,442,368.

.J. SUNDERLAND.

JUSTIFICATION ATTACHM ENT FOB TYPESETTING MACHINES. HLE D AU.G.9. 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2' INVENTOQ ATTOEN 5Y5 ?atented Jan. 16, 1923.

J'OSEPH SUNDEBLAND, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Application filed August 9, 1920. Serial No. 402,106.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrn SUNDERLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at 182 St, Nicholas Ave, New York city iljYa have invented certain new and useful lm provements in Justification Attachments for Typesetting Machines, of which the following is a clear, full, and exact description.

This invention relates to typesetting machines and particularly to means for justifying the character-forming matrices in type-- setting machines before the line casting): operation, and a general object of'the invention is to provide means for effecting quickly and conveniently the proper ustification for plural column work as, for example, in the setting up of such work as telephone directories, catalogs, etc.

The invention is herein shown as embodied in an attachment for linotype machines as now usually constructed, but it will be understood that the invention is not re stricted to the illustrated embodiment and uses, and that many features of the invention are of general utility in the art to which it relates.

A particular object of the invention is to facilitate the justification of plural column work where accurate vertical alinement of the columns is important and to insure such an alinement.

An important feature of the invention is the simplicity of its application to linotype machines in which two-letter matrices are employed and the utilization of parts of the mechanism for selectively positioning the respective letters of the two letter matrices to secure separate justification of each of'the columns in two column work by the use of space bands in both columns.

Other objects and important features of the invention will appear from the follow ing description and claims when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which- Fig. l is an elevation, partly broken away, of so much of the vise and justification mechanism of a linotype machine as is necessary to illustrate tl e present invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail viewshowing the separate justification bars of this invention as applied to the well known linotype machine;

Fig. 3 is a sectional detail showing the matrix carrying rails with letter matrices in both the upper and the lower letter positions;

Fig. el is a perspective view of the member which carries the initial stops for the two columns in two column work;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a lower second column stop adapted to cooperate with the upper stop shown in Fig. i;

Fig. 6 shows a supplementary vise jaw adapted to cooperate with the stop shown in Fig. 4; and

Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the matrices which have been set for the line to be cast are shown in the vise of the casting mechanism in casting position, after the justification bar for the second. column of two column work has operated to justify the second column. As will appear hereinafter, advantage is taken of the movements already provided in the present linotype machine to effect separate justification of the two columnsin the proper order.

The vise of the casting mechanism comprises the usual 2, commonly termed the right hand vise jaw from its position with respect to an operator facing the machine, this jaw serving as the terminal stop be tween which and the initial stop the matrices for the second column work are justified. The other or left hand vise jaw 3 is of usual construction, the two vise jaws being located between the carrying rails of the first elevator of the casting mechanism when the elevator is in the position shown in Fig. l of the drawings.

The rails of the elevator for carrying the matrices are of the usual construction with the exception of the provision of a stop on the duplex rail hereinafter to be more fully described, the matrix carrying rails comprising upper front and rear rails a and (3, respectively, and the lower duplex rail 8, which determines the diiierent letter positions of the two-letter matrices.

The present invention is preferably made in the form of attachments which can readily be placed upon the existing linotype or similar typesetting machines, and which will utilize the various me hanical movements of these machines to effect the desired re sults. In carrying out the invention upon the linotype machine there is preferably substituted for the line stop of the linotype machine a stop construction such as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, this stop construct-ion comprising an intermediate body portion 10 having a depending tongue-like extension 12 adapted to be received in a groove or slot 14 in an auxiliary vise member 15 located be hind the usual vise jaw 8. Attached to either side of the intermediate body portion 10 of the stop construction are two arms 16 and 18 adapted to be received in the grooves or guideways provided between the upper rails 4: and (5 and overhanging parts 20 and 22 of the castings 2 1: and 26, with which the rails 1 and 6 are integral. At their ends remote from the body portion 10 the arms 16 and 18 are provided with reduced extensions 28 and 30, the ends of which constitute stops cooperating with the vise member 2 for independent justification of the second column in two-column work. The shoulders 32 and 34C preferably have the function of the line stop in the ordinary linotype construction, and in addition, in the present construction cooperate with the vise jaw 3 in effecting the justification of the first column, the width of the first column being preferably the distance from the stop 32 or 3a to the end of the extension 28 or 30, which provides the second column stop.

Inasmuch as the justification of the second column will be effected between the vise jaw 2 and the stops 28 and 30, which do not engage a substantial portion of the body of the first matrix of the column, it is preferable to provide also a lower stop in addition to the upper stops. To this end advantage is taken of the duplex rail 8, this rail in the illustrated construction being shown as extending only throughout the width 01' the second column, a stop 36 being provided at the inner end of this rail. This stop is preferably formed as the end of a bar 38 carried upon screws 40 having slightly enlarged holes 4E2 through the bar 38 to provide for a slight release motion at the bar after the casting operation. The bar 38 at its end remote from the stop 36 preferably abuts against the auxiliary vise jaw 15, whereby it is held in clamping position by the auxiliary vise aw and is therefore released when this vise jaw is released.

As hereinbefore suggested, the illustrated embodiment of the invention is designed to take advantage of those features of the construction of the ordinary linotype machine which permit the use of two-letter matrices andwhich provide for selectively positioning these letters so that the letters to be used are brought into a common line. The

stops 28 and 30 are therefore so positioned that they act with only one or with more of the matrices set in the upper position, thatis, with the lug or car at upon the upper side of the duplex rail 8 shown in Figs. 3 and 7 of the drawings. This is, of course, the only time when the top 36 will function, this stop operating to engage the ear or lug 4.4. In this position of the matrix the stops 28 and 30 engage respectively the ears or lugs 46 and 48 of that matrix which its to be the first matrix of the second column.

It now remains to describe the justifying operations and the mechanism for separat ly justifying the two columns in a predetermined order. 1n the linotype machine as now constructed a single justification bar is carried by the first and second justifica- 7 tion rods 50 and 52, which are operated from independent cams in such manner that the rod 50 moves its end of the justification bar into engagement with the wedge-shaped space bands 54 in advance of the end of the bar connected to tie rod 52 after which rod 50 withdraws and the two rods are then advanced substantially together to drive all oi? the space hands into line locking position. Advantage taken of this order. of movement of the rods 50 and 52 to provide for the independent justification of the two columns in the illustrated embodiment of the present invention.

From an inspection of Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that a justification bar 56 is mounted upon the upper end of the rod 50, this bar extending substantially throughout. the length of the second column and another justification bar 58 is mounted upon the rod 52, this bar extending substantially througlr out the length of the first column. Inasmuch as the rods 50 and 52 are free to turn in their supports in the present machine except as the are connected by the justification bar to prevent such turning, when the separate barsotf the present invention are substituted for the single bar in the machine as heretofore constructed a connecting strap 01 bar6O is provided which is pivoted at one end upon screw 62 preferably tapped into the head of the pin 64cby which the bar 56 is confined in its slot in the rod 50, the strap or bar 60 having a slot 66 in its other end which receives the shank of a screw 68 similarly tapped into the head of the pin 70 which holds the bar 58 in its slot in the rod 52. The strap or bar 60, therefore, while .it holds the bars 56 and 58 in alinement, permits the tree vertical relative movement of the rods 50 and 52.

From the foregoing description and astud of Figs. 1, 2 and 7 of the drawings, it. will be seen that when the first elevator has lowered the matrices into position between the vise jaws 2 and 3. the justification rod 50 will first be elevated to bring its justification bar 56 into engagement with the lower ends of the space bands 50 as shown in Fig.

l of the drawings, thus forcing these hands up and separating the second cloumn matrices between the vise aw 2, serving one stop and the stops 28, 30 and 36, the extension 12 having entered the slot 1% in the auxiliary vise member 15 as the elevator is lowered to casting position. After this operation the justification rod 50 will withdraw the bar 56 a short distance, and then the bars 56 and 58 will move substantially together, bar 58 now engaging the space bands of the first column and forcing them between the matrices to justify this column between the vise jaw 4: and the associated stops 32 and at on the one hand, and the initial matrix of the second column, which now serves as the end stop for the first column. Thus a definite and positive positioning of the initial matrix of the second column is obtained and a likewise definite and positive positioning of the last matrix of the first column is obtained.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings is shown the vertical movable vise jaw locking and releasing wedge 72, which operates through the rod 74 upon the auxiliary vise jaw 15 and through this upon the main left hand vise jaw 3, the wedge being carried upon the rod 76 operated in the well-known manner through the spring 78. The wedge is positively moved into releasing position and is driven into locking position by the action of the spring 78 in the well-known manner. It will be noted from an inspection of Fig. 1 that stops 28 and 80 are substantially posi tively connected to the auxiliary visej aw 15 through the body portion 10 and its extension 12, whereby the releasing action of the wedge 72 is directly effective so far as the second column matrices are concerned, this being also true of the stop 36 on the bar 38 which engages the auxiliary vise jaw 15. The vise jaw 3 is also released by the releasing of the auxiliary vise jaw 15, since it abuts against this aw. The part shown in Fig. 4: is kept in position by pin 81 and nut 82 on either side of block 83.

In Figs. 1 and 7 are shown different modes of using the present invention in twocolumn work. In Fig. 1 a single matrix 80 is moved into the upper position to engage the stops 28, 30 and 36 and serve as an abutment between which and the vise member 2 the second column is expanded. The matrix 80 may be either a blank matrix or a ma trix having on it the initial character of the second column.

Vhen, however, the second column is to be set throughout with the other characters on the two-letter matrices as distinguished from the characters used in the first column, all of the matrices of the second column will .then ride upon the upper side of the duplex seen that a very simple and eifective attachment has been provided by the present embodiment of the invention for obtaining uniform justification in two-column work in the present linotype machines. Heretoforein setting two-column work on linotype machines it has been necessary to provide a chart showing the number of spaces called for with words of certain length in the second column, and then by reference to this chart so to fill out the column with spaces that the first characters will have col umn alinement and that the column as a whole will serve as a solid abutmentfor the first column, no space bands being used in setting the second column. This was, of course, slow work and resulted in very uneven alinement.

lVhat I claim as new is:

1. In a typesetting machine. plural column justifying means comprising, in combination with the matrices and carrying rails, an initial stop for each of the columns, a terminal stop for the last column. and separate means for expanding each of said columns, said last column when expanded serving as one of the stops for the next preceding column.

2. In a typesetting machine of the class described, plural column justifying means comprising, in combination with the matrices and carrying rails, an initial stop for each of the columns, a terminal stop for the last column, means for expanding said lastcolumn between its stops, and means for thereafter expanding the remainder of the line said expanded last column serving as a terminal stop for that part of the remainder of the line constituted by the next preceding column.

3. In a typesetting machine of the class described, plural column justifying means comprising, in combination with the mat rices, space bands and carrying rails, a separate stop for each column, and separate means for operating the space bands of each column arranged to operate first the space bands of one column and then the space bands of another column, each column when justified determining one of the limits of the column next justified.

4;. In plural column justifying means for typesetting machines, the combination with plural letter matrices and a plural rail carrier for selectively presenting the respective i letters in line casting position. of separate justifying means for each column and a rail stop for each column other than the first arranged to determine the position of a matrix in a direction transverse to the H column.

In plural column justifying means for vpesetting machines, the combination with .he matrices, space bands, and carrying rails, of a column stop for each column, and

llO

separate means for engaging and operating the space bands of each column, arranged to justify the columns in inverse order.

6. In plural column justifying means for typesetting machines, the combination with the matrices, space bands, and carrying rail, of separate means for engaging and operating the space bands of each column, and a column stop for the first character of the last column, said justifying means being arranged to justify the columns in inverse order whereby the column first justified also serves as a stop for the next column to be justified.

7 In plural column justifying means for typesetting machines, the combination with the matrices, space bands, and carrying rail, of a column stop, having a fixed position, for locating the first character of each column, and separate means for engaging and operating the space bands of each column, arranged to operate in succession, each column when justified determining one of the limits of the column next justified.

8. In justifying means for justifying plural column work in typesetting machines, the combination with the matrices, spacebands and carrying rails, of a column stop or each column, means for directly bringing locking presure to bear upon each of said stops, and means for simultaneously releasing the locking pressure on both stops.

9. In a type-setting machine, means for justifying plural column work comprising, in combination with the matrices and carrying rails, an initial stop for each column, a terminal stop for the last column, means for expanding each of said columns beginning with the last in succession and for locking said columns in expanded condition, and means for simultaneously unlocking said columns.

10. In a type-setting machine, the combination with two-letter matrices and sepa rate rails arranged to carry the respective letters on a common casting line, of a stop on one of said rails past which the matrices are free to move when on the other rail, space bands and separate means for operating the space bands between said rail stop and the end of the line.

11. In a type-setting machine, the combination with two letter matrices and mechanism for selectively positioning said matrices to bring the desired letters into a common line, of means acting as a separate justifying stop for matrices in one of the letter positions.

12. In justifying means for justifying plural column work in type-setting machines. the combination with the matrices, space bands and carrying rails. of separate stops for the respective column, separate means for operating the space bands of each column and means acting through said stops for simultaneously releasing the clamping pressure on each of the columns at the end. of the line casting operation.

13. In a typesetting machine, the combination with two-letter matrices, and mechanism for selectively positioning said matrices to bring the desired letters into a common line, of a stop arranged to engage a matrix in one letter position and locate the same so as to form a stop for a series of matrices in another letter position.

14. In a typesetting machine, a series of matrices, means for positioning said matrices to bring the letters thereon into the desired position on a common line, and a stop arranged to engage a matrix projecting beyond the line of other matrices and to allow other matrices to be carried past the same in positioning the matrices.

15. In a typesetting machine, a series of matrices, an elevator having carrying rails for supporting the matrices on a common casting line, vice jaws cooperating with the elevator, guideways in the elevator substantially parallel with the line in which the matrices are positioned therein, a stop member provided with arms arranged to engage in said guideways, a-projection on said stop member arranged to engage in a slot in one of said vice jaws to position the stop member, and stops on the ends of said arms for engagement with a member mounted in the matrix line and projecting beyond certain matrices in said line.

16. In a typesetting machine, a series of matrices, an elevator having carrying rails for supporting the matrices on a common casting line, vice jaws cooperating with the elevator, guideways in the elevator substantially parallel with the line in which the matrices are positioned therein, a stop member provided with arms arranged to engage in said guideways, a projection on said stop member arranged to engage in a slot in one of said vice jaws to position the stop member, stops on the ends of said arms for engaging a member in the matrix line at the beginning of the first column, and stops at the ends of said arms for engaging a memher in the matrix line at the beginning of the second column.

17. In a typesetting machine, the combination with a series of matrices and means for selectively positioning the matrices to bring the desired letters into a common line for two column work, means for justifying the second column matrices to bring the initial matrix to a definite predetermined posi tion, and means for then justifying the matrices of the first column while employing the initial matrix of the second column as a stop to locate the last matrix of the first column.

18. In a typesetting machine, the combination with a series of matrices and means for selectively positioning the matrices to bring the desired letters into a common line for two column Work, a stop for the initial matrix of the second column means for justifying the second column matrices to bring the initial matrix thereof in engagement With said stop, and means for then justifying the matrices of the first column While employing the initial matrix of the second column as a stop to locate the last matrix of the first column.

Signed at New York city this 27th day of July, 1920.

JOSEPH SUNDERLAND. 

